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Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4, 415-421. Why do individuals progress along different life trajectories? Perspectives on Psychological Science, special issue on challenges for scientific psychology to address over the next ten years. Emotion-based dispositions to rash action: Positive and negative urgency. A Theory of Reservation-Dwelling American Indian Alcohol Use Risk.
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Reactive personality-environment transactions and adult developmental trajectories. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1, 211-233. Implications of an Emerging Integration of Universal and Culturally-Specific Psychologies. On construct validity: Issues of method and measurement. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 5, 89-113. Construct validity: Advances in theory and methodology. On the value of homogeneous constructs for construct validation, theory testing, and the description of psychopathology. My students and I have been involved in efforts to clarify the personality basis underlying impulsive behavior, in efforts to integrate dispositional and learning processes, and in efforts to understand culturally specific and universal psychological processes. My students and I periodically make contributions to the basic assessment literature, with methodological papers on various topics. We have also shown that positive urgency, negative urgency, and the trait of ineffectiveness predict subsequent increases in dieting/thinness expectancies, which in turn predict the onset of eating disorder symptoms. We have shown that they correlate strongly with symptom endorsement and that they predict symptom endorsement longitudinally. In recent years, we have developed measures to assess expectancies for the benefits of eating and of dieting/thinness. Our recent work suggests that pubertal onset is associated with increases in the urgency traits, and thus in risk for problem drinking. In particular, the traits of positive and negative urgency (the tendencies to act rashly when experiencing intensely positive or negative affect, respectively) predict subsequent increases in high risk expectancies, which in turn predict subsequent increases in drinking quantity. The idea is that certain personality traits bias the learning process, to lead to the formation of overly positive expectancies for the benefits of drinking. Our current work focuses on developing and testing a model of risk that integrates personality trait theory with psychosocial learning theory. Some of that work involves development of basic theory with respect to both personality and learning: My students and I conduct work in three areas: risk for alcoholism, risk for eating disorders, and clinical assessment methodology (to go to the lab webpage click here).